[US Daily Science website reported on October 1st]: The use of hydrogen storage of metal nanoparticles can speed up the inflation of hydrogen fuel cells.
Researchers at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and the Free University of Amsterdam have demonstrated that the size of metal alloy nanoparticles can change the rate of release of hydrogen stored in metal hydrides. The smaller the nanoparticles, the faster the hydrogen gets into the fuel cell.
The researchers published their research results in the October issue of the scientific journal Advanced Energy Materials.
On September 27, the Minister of the Environment of the Netherlands, Melanie Schultz van Hagen, announced that a special allocation of 5 million euros will be used to promote the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles in the Netherlands. She said that the Netherlands and its neighboring countries have all the conditions for becoming a "hydrogen paradise." In July 2011, German car manufacturer Daimler announced plans to construct 20 new hydrogen filling stations along the German highway. Hydrogen was re-mentioned on the agenda.
At present, hydrogen needs to be stored in an automobile tank at a pressure of 700 bar. Therefore, the inflator needs to use a high pressure pump to inflate the car's fuel tank, and the high pressure pump consumes a lot of energy. So people have a good reason to find new hydrogen storage technology. Magnesium and other metals can absorb high-density hydrogen without high pressure, but its disadvantage is that it is difficult to release hydrogen again, and the release process is very slow. One way to speed up hydrogen release is to use magnesium nanoparticles that are adsorbed on the substrate to eliminate particle agglomeration.
Bernard Damme, professor of materials for energy conversion and storage at the Netherlands, and his colleagues at Delft University of Technology and the Free University of Amsterdam have demonstrated through experimentation that the interaction between nanoparticles and substrates can accelerate hydrogen release. They used a model made of magnesium foil and titanium foil to demonstrate how to release the hydrogen pressure. This means that we can store hydrogen using nanoparticles adsorbed on the substrate. The choice of matrix material will determine how much hydrogen desorption pressure needs to be used.
Cost-effective hydrogen storage technology will play an important role in the wide application of hydrogen fuel cells. Bernard Damme believes that hybrid cars of the future will use batteries on short trips and hydrogen on long trips. He said: "Your electric vehicle will be powered by batteries in the city, and hydrogen will be used farther away."
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