The early bamboo carvings have few remains. Most of them have been handed down to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They are generally simple and honest, full of composition, and full of deep-cut knives. They are often deep-relief or open-cut, and the lines are strong and powerful. Zhu He believes that if you do not carry out openwork and deep, it is not engraving. The variety is mainly pen holder and incense tube. In the early Qing Dynasty, there were still Ming Dynasty legacy, but the performance techniques were more diverse. Shallow engraving, bas-relief, staying green, round carving, etc. were paralleled at the same time; the variety was expanded, except for pen holders, incense barrels, arm rests, bamboo root figures, animals and rocks. The production is exquisite and neat, exquisite and elegant, and the likes of Zhang Xihuang's staying in the mountains and rivers, and Deng's shallow inscriptions are all very distinctive. In the late Qing Dynasty, the face was not single, but the knife was flat and often used as an intaglio. Some identification techniques for bamboo carvings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are now available to readers:
texture
The bamboo carvings used in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were made from bamboo grown for two to four years. The texture of the bamboo is fine and tender. Therefore, after engraving into a device, after polishing, it is smooth and smooth, no less than flat wood grain. Early bamboo carvings often showed the texture of bamboo, while later works were finely crafted, and the rough texture of bamboo was rarely seen.
Style
The famous bamboo carving masters of the Ming and Qing Dynasties basically did not have a name on the works.
Bamboo carving habits, so there are very few masterpieces handed down by hand. Now we can see the bamboo carvings engraved with the master's name. There are four kinds of situations: one is the authenticity of the author's personal withdrawal; the other is the authenticity of the disciples after they add the money; the third is the name of the disciple's work. No. 4; the product is completely cost-effective. Because of the author's name or seal in the bamboo carvings of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is an important basis for identification. Therefore, counterfeit products, especially the famous models, are more common. Generally speaking, the real money is written naturally and smoothly, and there are bones in the show, just not the board, no sense of artificiality, highlighting the author's own style. Puppets are sluggish in strokes, lack of strength, and do not match the original author's style, although some are similar but not aura.
Knife
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were a number of special craft masters with the dual literati and artisans. Their works were often smooth, with clear meaning and profound artistic conception. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the calligraphy and painting on bamboo carvings have lost the intriguing artistic conception and lost the art of exquisite knife and pen.
style
Generally speaking, the bamboo carvings of the Ming Dynasty showed a simple and artistic style, and there were few small and small devices. The bamboo carvings of the Qing Dynasty were so beautiful and elegant during the Kangxi period; the beautiful and magnificent during the Qianlong period. In the late Qing Dynasty, the style of the work tends to be flat. But this is only a general view. There are a large number of works in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are all manifestations of literati art. The literati have their own independent artistic features. Therefore, bamboo carving identification can not be too absolute. The correct method is to grasp the overall situation. When specific identification, pay attention to the connection and difference between the general and the individual.
Color
In general, the longer the work is, the deeper the color of the watch. The production of this color is often caused by people enjoying the Capricorn. The Ming Dynasty works with dark red color, the most popular one should be a red with amber luster; the Qing Dynasty works more dark brown, brownish yellow, the later the color is lighter. However, in fact, in the bamboo carvings of the Qing Dynasty, there is often a taupe, which is quite special. The pseudo-person often dyes the new device and pleads for the same color as the old one, but the artificial imitation floats instead of sinking, and the natural color is different after all. After careful identification, it is easy to see. At the same time, the picture of the fake product, the color of the concave and convex parts is the same, there is no shading, and there is no transition color.
feature
In the bamboo carving process, it is important to know the popularity of some processes. The deep techniques of the depression began in the Qing Dynasty; the bamboo springs began in the early Qing Dynasty and flourished in the Qianjia period. The fine works were court tools; although the Qing Dynasty began in the Tang Dynasty, it was not seen in the Tang Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the rest of the system was the product of the Qing Dynasty; during the Kangxi period, the Jiading School used a special clay to make the eyes of the animals in the bamboo sculpture. Therefore, familiar with bamboo carving techniques is conducive to the analysis of the era of bamboo carving works.
Authentic
It is necessary to look at more and more, and to contact the ancient famous bamboo carving works of museums or private collections, and compare them with the bamboo carvings that are usually traded in order to avoid losses in the transaction.
Mutual authentication
Many bamboo carving masters in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were good at bamboo stem carving and bamboo root carving. It is both a bamboo carving expert and a master of wood carving, tooth carving and lacquer carving. Art is the same, no matter what kind of material, it will show its unique creativity, knife and aesthetic consciousness. Therefore, (we learn about the artistic expression of other materials in the field of other sculptures through the masters of bamboo carving at the same time, and we understand the artistic expression through the comparison of two different materials in the same period.) You can know the authenticity of his work.
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