At present, pollution sources in pollution-free and green food production should be the first pesticides. Promoting the use of pesticides that are safe and reliable, do not pollute the environment, and do not cause pollution to humans and animals are important choices for pollution-free and green food production.
Biological pesticides have the advantages of broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, safety, non-resistance, and no natural enemies. The active ingredients are basically present and derived from natural ecosystems. They can prevent pests that are resistant to traditional products, and there will be no Cross-resistance; generally safe for humans, animals and various beneficial organisms, and less for non-target organisms. Therefore, the use of biological pesticides is a breakthrough in the technological transformation of pollution-free agricultural production.
1 Types and methods of commonly used biological pesticides 1.1 1.5% polymycin-resistant wettable powder Jilin Yanbian Pesticide Factory, Liaoning Panjin Biochemical Pharmaceutical Factory, etc. The chemical name is a peptide pyrimidine nucleoside, which is an antibiotic fungicide with good systemic properties. Control apple mildew disease, ring disease, anthracnose, use 300-500 times liquid, spray 2 times before flowering to fruit bagging; control spotted leaf disease, spray at 7-10d after flowering, spring shoot Apply 2 times, spray once in the autumn shoots, if it can be used alternately with Bordeaux mixture, the effect is better. Spray time is good after morning dew or evening. Try to avoid using it under dry heat and be careful not to mix with alkaline substances.
1.2 4% agricultural anti-120 water agent Also known as anti-mycomycin 120, Wuhan Kono Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd., Beijing Changping Zhongsheng Microbiology Test Factory, Sichuan Pujiang Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., etc. The main component is pyrimidine nucleoside, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which has a strong inhibitory effect on many plant pathogenic bacteria, and is mainly for prevention and protection, and has certain therapeutic effects. Prevention and treatment of apple tree rot disease, with 20 times liquid smear after scraping the diseased plaque, the therapeutic effect can reach more than 80%; prevention and control of powdery mildew, spray concentration at the initial stage of the disease is 100jg / l, spray again after 15-20d . If the condition is serious, the spraying interval can be shortened.
1. 3 b. t. Insecticides Also known as Bacillus thuringiensis insecticides, Acaricidal bacilli, and worms. Switzerland Novartis Co., Ltd., Germany Ai Gefu Company, American Abbott Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hubei Kangxin Agricultural Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Weinan Biological Pesticide Factory, Hunan Biological Products Factory, etc. It is a common bacterial and pesticide, mainly based on stomach toxicity, and the control effect on lepidopteran pests reaches 80%-90%. Control the peach heartworm, spray when the egg rate reaches 1%, spray b. t. The wettable powder is 500-1000 times liquid; the lepidopteran pests such as the moth, the ruler and the caterpillar are controlled, and 1000 times of the liquid is sprayed in the young larva stage. The application period should be 2-3 days earlier than the use of chemical pesticides. When the temperature is higher than 30 °C, the control effect is best. Be careful not to mix with systemic organophosphorus pesticides or fungicides. The drug control effect is basically the same as that of chemical pesticides, but the cost of prevention is 30% lower than that of chemical pesticides.
1.4 1.8% Qiqisu EC. Also known as Avermectin. Production by Swiss Connaught Co., Ltd., Beijing Agricultural University Experimental Pharmaceutical Factory, Shenzhen Tianchu Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Guangxi Guilin Jichuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Huabei Pharmaceutical Group Aino Co., Ltd. It is a new macrolide lactone extracted from soil microorganisms. It has extremely high biological activity and is an anti-bio-killing insecticide. It has good control effects on various pests and pests. It has contact and stomach toxic effects on pests and pests, but it cannot kill eggs. The control of Hawthorn leafhopper and apple red spider was sprayed 5000 times liquid in the concentrated period of 7-10 days after flowering, and the effect period was about 30 days. It also has good control effect on the two-spotted spider mites, scutellaria, and gold-streaked moths.
1.5 25% chlorhexidine suspension agent Jilin Tonghua Pesticide Factory, Guangdong Huiyang Zhongxun Chemical Co., Ltd., Hebei Xushui Geely Bionic Pesticide Co., Ltd., Henan Anyang Lin Pharmaceutical Factory. The chemical name is 1-o-chlorobenzoyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)urea. It is a biochemical pesticide, mainly based on stomach toxicity, combined with killing, rain-resistant, and slower degradation, with a shelf life of 15-20 days. It has special effects on lepidopteran pests, killing eggs and larvae, and can also cause infertility in adults. The production is mainly used to control the golden moth, and the control period is the feathering period, and the concentration is 2000 times. The drug has a good control effect especially for pests which have been resistant to insecticides such as organophosphorus and pyrethroids. The drug is a delayed-acting type, which is effective after 3-4 days, and the application time should be in the early stage of the pest.
1.6 20% chlorpyrifos suspension agent Tonghua Pesticide Chemical Co., Ltd. production. It is an insect growth inhibitor. Compared with 25% chlorfenapyr, the effect of killing eggs and insects is better, and the effect period is long. The suitable concentration of the golden moth is 8000 times liquid; the peach worm is controlled, and 6000-8000 times of liquid is sprayed in the early stage of adult spawning and larvae.
1.7 Rotenone Guangxi Nanning Shilu Engineering Co., Ltd., Guangdong Guangzhou Pesticide Plant, etc. It is a plant-derived insecticide with contact killing, stomach toxicity, growth and development inhibition and antifeedant action. At the beginning of the aphid, it was sprayed with 750 times of 2.5% rotenone emulsifiable concentrate. The liquid should be used as needed. The safety interval after application is 3d.
1.8 25% insecticidal double agent Hunan Pesticide Factory, Hunan Changde Chemical Second Factory, Zhuzhou Pesticide Factory, Fujian Fuding Pesticide Factory, Fuzhou Pesticide Factory, Guangxi Pingle Pesticide Factory, Hefei Chemical Plant of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Jiangsu Province Chemical plant, Sichuan Jianyang Pesticide Factory, Zhejiang Haiyan Pesticide Factory, Guizhou Zunyi Soda Plant, Jiangxi Pesticide Factory, etc. The chemical name is 2-dimethylamino-1,3-dithiosulfonate sodium propane. It belongs to the nerve agent, has strong contact and stomach toxicity, and has a certain fumigating effect. It is used to control the hawthorn spider mites and spray 800 times liquid in the period of Rugao and Chengyu. It can treat both apple claws, pear star caterpillars, and leaf roller moths. When spraying with a insecticidal double-water agent, 0.1% of the washing powder can be added to increase the spreadability of the liquid.
1.9 50% Lifunong (Baidudan) wettable powder is produced in Changqing Chemical Plant of Fuyang City, Jiangsu Province. Is a compound preparation, the active ingredient of which is imidacloprid and insecticide, and the chemical name of imidacloprid is 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-n-nitroimidazolidine-2-ylamine, killing The chemical name of the insect list is 1-thiosulfonic acid-2-dimethylamino-3-thiosulfonic acid propane. The drug has a wide spectrum of insecticidal activity, strong insecticidal ability, strong stomach poisoning, contact and systemic action, and has both fumigation and ovicidal effects, and has special effects on lepidopter larvae. Prevention and control of golden moths, spraying 1000-1500 times of liquid in the hatching period or when some larvae are drilled into the leaves; preventing and controlling Japanese ball sturdy, in the middle and late May of the hatching period (ie found under the shell) 5 days after the pink egg, spray the force of the rich 1000-1 500 times liquid. Add 0.3% neutral detergent powder to the medicine to increase its ability to spread and improve insecticidal effect.
2 Several attention problems 2.1 Usage time Biological pesticides are mostly delayed, so the application time should be several days ahead of the use of chemical pesticides. The specific advance time is based on the characteristics of each biological pesticide.
2.2 Air Humidity The effect of biological pesticides on the increase of environmental humidity is obviously improved, and it must be sprayed when there is dew.
2.3 Light intensity Ultraviolet light in sunlight has a lethal killing effect on active substances in biological pesticides, usually before 10:00 am, after 4 pm, or on cloudy days.
2.4 Ambient temperature When spraying bio-pesticide, be sure to keep the temperature above 20 °C. According to the test, the effect of bio-pesticides after spraying at a temperature of 25-30 °C is 1-2 times higher than that at 10-15 °C.
In addition, unless otherwise specified, try not to mix with other pesticides; store in a cool, dark place, avoid high temperature or exposure, away from fire; use with the use, avoid long time after preparation.
Biological pesticides have the advantages of broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, safety, non-resistance, and no natural enemies. The active ingredients are basically present and derived from natural ecosystems. They can prevent pests that are resistant to traditional products, and there will be no Cross-resistance; generally safe for humans, animals and various beneficial organisms, and less for non-target organisms. Therefore, the use of biological pesticides is a breakthrough in the technological transformation of pollution-free agricultural production.
1 Types and methods of commonly used biological pesticides 1.1 1.5% polymycin-resistant wettable powder Jilin Yanbian Pesticide Factory, Liaoning Panjin Biochemical Pharmaceutical Factory, etc. The chemical name is a peptide pyrimidine nucleoside, which is an antibiotic fungicide with good systemic properties. Control apple mildew disease, ring disease, anthracnose, use 300-500 times liquid, spray 2 times before flowering to fruit bagging; control spotted leaf disease, spray at 7-10d after flowering, spring shoot Apply 2 times, spray once in the autumn shoots, if it can be used alternately with Bordeaux mixture, the effect is better. Spray time is good after morning dew or evening. Try to avoid using it under dry heat and be careful not to mix with alkaline substances.
1.2 4% agricultural anti-120 water agent Also known as anti-mycomycin 120, Wuhan Kono Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd., Beijing Changping Zhongsheng Microbiology Test Factory, Sichuan Pujiang Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., etc. The main component is pyrimidine nucleoside, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which has a strong inhibitory effect on many plant pathogenic bacteria, and is mainly for prevention and protection, and has certain therapeutic effects. Prevention and treatment of apple tree rot disease, with 20 times liquid smear after scraping the diseased plaque, the therapeutic effect can reach more than 80%; prevention and control of powdery mildew, spray concentration at the initial stage of the disease is 100jg / l, spray again after 15-20d . If the condition is serious, the spraying interval can be shortened.
1. 3 b. t. Insecticides Also known as Bacillus thuringiensis insecticides, Acaricidal bacilli, and worms. Switzerland Novartis Co., Ltd., Germany Ai Gefu Company, American Abbott Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hubei Kangxin Agricultural Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Weinan Biological Pesticide Factory, Hunan Biological Products Factory, etc. It is a common bacterial and pesticide, mainly based on stomach toxicity, and the control effect on lepidopteran pests reaches 80%-90%. Control the peach heartworm, spray when the egg rate reaches 1%, spray b. t. The wettable powder is 500-1000 times liquid; the lepidopteran pests such as the moth, the ruler and the caterpillar are controlled, and 1000 times of the liquid is sprayed in the young larva stage. The application period should be 2-3 days earlier than the use of chemical pesticides. When the temperature is higher than 30 °C, the control effect is best. Be careful not to mix with systemic organophosphorus pesticides or fungicides. The drug control effect is basically the same as that of chemical pesticides, but the cost of prevention is 30% lower than that of chemical pesticides.
1.4 1.8% Qiqisu EC. Also known as Avermectin. Production by Swiss Connaught Co., Ltd., Beijing Agricultural University Experimental Pharmaceutical Factory, Shenzhen Tianchu Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Guangxi Guilin Jichuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Huabei Pharmaceutical Group Aino Co., Ltd. It is a new macrolide lactone extracted from soil microorganisms. It has extremely high biological activity and is an anti-bio-killing insecticide. It has good control effects on various pests and pests. It has contact and stomach toxic effects on pests and pests, but it cannot kill eggs. The control of Hawthorn leafhopper and apple red spider was sprayed 5000 times liquid in the concentrated period of 7-10 days after flowering, and the effect period was about 30 days. It also has good control effect on the two-spotted spider mites, scutellaria, and gold-streaked moths.
1.5 25% chlorhexidine suspension agent Jilin Tonghua Pesticide Factory, Guangdong Huiyang Zhongxun Chemical Co., Ltd., Hebei Xushui Geely Bionic Pesticide Co., Ltd., Henan Anyang Lin Pharmaceutical Factory. The chemical name is 1-o-chlorobenzoyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)urea. It is a biochemical pesticide, mainly based on stomach toxicity, combined with killing, rain-resistant, and slower degradation, with a shelf life of 15-20 days. It has special effects on lepidopteran pests, killing eggs and larvae, and can also cause infertility in adults. The production is mainly used to control the golden moth, and the control period is the feathering period, and the concentration is 2000 times. The drug has a good control effect especially for pests which have been resistant to insecticides such as organophosphorus and pyrethroids. The drug is a delayed-acting type, which is effective after 3-4 days, and the application time should be in the early stage of the pest.
1.6 20% chlorpyrifos suspension agent Tonghua Pesticide Chemical Co., Ltd. production. It is an insect growth inhibitor. Compared with 25% chlorfenapyr, the effect of killing eggs and insects is better, and the effect period is long. The suitable concentration of the golden moth is 8000 times liquid; the peach worm is controlled, and 6000-8000 times of liquid is sprayed in the early stage of adult spawning and larvae.
1.7 Rotenone Guangxi Nanning Shilu Engineering Co., Ltd., Guangdong Guangzhou Pesticide Plant, etc. It is a plant-derived insecticide with contact killing, stomach toxicity, growth and development inhibition and antifeedant action. At the beginning of the aphid, it was sprayed with 750 times of 2.5% rotenone emulsifiable concentrate. The liquid should be used as needed. The safety interval after application is 3d.
1.8 25% insecticidal double agent Hunan Pesticide Factory, Hunan Changde Chemical Second Factory, Zhuzhou Pesticide Factory, Fujian Fuding Pesticide Factory, Fuzhou Pesticide Factory, Guangxi Pingle Pesticide Factory, Hefei Chemical Plant of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Jiangsu Province Chemical plant, Sichuan Jianyang Pesticide Factory, Zhejiang Haiyan Pesticide Factory, Guizhou Zunyi Soda Plant, Jiangxi Pesticide Factory, etc. The chemical name is 2-dimethylamino-1,3-dithiosulfonate sodium propane. It belongs to the nerve agent, has strong contact and stomach toxicity, and has a certain fumigating effect. It is used to control the hawthorn spider mites and spray 800 times liquid in the period of Rugao and Chengyu. It can treat both apple claws, pear star caterpillars, and leaf roller moths. When spraying with a insecticidal double-water agent, 0.1% of the washing powder can be added to increase the spreadability of the liquid.
1.9 50% Lifunong (Baidudan) wettable powder is produced in Changqing Chemical Plant of Fuyang City, Jiangsu Province. Is a compound preparation, the active ingredient of which is imidacloprid and insecticide, and the chemical name of imidacloprid is 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-n-nitroimidazolidine-2-ylamine, killing The chemical name of the insect list is 1-thiosulfonic acid-2-dimethylamino-3-thiosulfonic acid propane. The drug has a wide spectrum of insecticidal activity, strong insecticidal ability, strong stomach poisoning, contact and systemic action, and has both fumigation and ovicidal effects, and has special effects on lepidopter larvae. Prevention and control of golden moths, spraying 1000-1500 times of liquid in the hatching period or when some larvae are drilled into the leaves; preventing and controlling Japanese ball sturdy, in the middle and late May of the hatching period (ie found under the shell) 5 days after the pink egg, spray the force of the rich 1000-1 500 times liquid. Add 0.3% neutral detergent powder to the medicine to increase its ability to spread and improve insecticidal effect.
2 Several attention problems 2.1 Usage time Biological pesticides are mostly delayed, so the application time should be several days ahead of the use of chemical pesticides. The specific advance time is based on the characteristics of each biological pesticide.
2.2 Air Humidity The effect of biological pesticides on the increase of environmental humidity is obviously improved, and it must be sprayed when there is dew.
2.3 Light intensity Ultraviolet light in sunlight has a lethal killing effect on active substances in biological pesticides, usually before 10:00 am, after 4 pm, or on cloudy days.
2.4 Ambient temperature When spraying bio-pesticide, be sure to keep the temperature above 20 °C. According to the test, the effect of bio-pesticides after spraying at a temperature of 25-30 °C is 1-2 times higher than that at 10-15 °C.
In addition, unless otherwise specified, try not to mix with other pesticides; store in a cool, dark place, avoid high temperature or exposure, away from fire; use with the use, avoid long time after preparation.
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