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Smooth characteristics of steel metallurgical machinery (1)
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2017-10-01
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1. Smooth equipment for iron making and steel making
1. Smooth iron making and sintering equipment for iron making and sintering equipment such as coke extruder, pusher, limestone and ore sintering equipment, large blower, ore bucket traction Wire Rope and other top equipment, iron furnace, blast furnace, belt conveyor, etc.; Eighty percent are exposed to the atmosphere and dust, corrosive dust environment; simply suffer from corrosion, abrasive wear and cavitation. The corresponding bearings, reducers, gears, worm gears, hydraulic systems, wire ropes, etc. should be smoothed.
Coking machines are often exposed to the air filled with pulverized coal; therefore, it is necessary to seal smoothly; such as the door switch and the hydraulic system of the bottoming truck and the water-cooled quenching car; usually, it is necessary to use a water-ethylene glycol and other non-flammable hydraulic fluid. , with a conveyor shaft, etc. to use lithium or composite calcium base grease smooth.
The pusher is directly operated; it is the impact load; it is in the coal dust and high temperature environment; it needs to use the extreme pressure lithium base grease with good heat resistance and water resistance or the anti-oxidation and anti-rust extreme pressure smooth oil for smooth circulation; the hydraulic system also Use hard-to-flame hydraulic fluid.
Gas purification and chemical by-products recover some machinery; due to dust and corrosive fumes; therefore, the smoothing agent used in gas discharge machines should be anti-oxidation and anti-rust turbine oil; and a smoothing system with filter is used.
Limestone and ore sintering equipment; often in dust and vibration and high temperature conditions; therefore, the use of composite calcium, lithium complex, bentonite or composite aluminum based smooth grease.
The top equipment of large blast furnace, ore bucket traction wire rope, etc. can usually be smoothed with a dry oil smooth system of No. 0 or No. 1 extreme pressure lithium base grease; the top of the furnace can use phosphate ester flame retardant as the hydraulic medium. Large; high temperature; need to use a drop point greater than 125 ° C extreme pressure lithium grease smooth.
2. The operation of the smooth modern steelmaking furnace of steelmaking equipment is controlled by computer; the degree of automation is high; the equipment used requires the corresponding smooth system and smoothing agent.
In the oxygen converter equipment; the oxygen blowing converter is supported by the limit rotary shaft; the supporting rolling bearing is made of molybdenum disulfide lithium grease; the hydrostatic bearing and the polytetrafluoroethylene oil pad; the smooth grease can also be used. The gear of the converter drive equipment is loaded. Or heavy-duty industrial gear oil is smooth. The primary subordinate equipments such as exhaust fans, motors, loading cranes and cranes have many smooth points; they are smooth with the corresponding smooth grease dry oil smooth system; the drive gears are usually smooth in oil bath.
The continuous casting machine includes the casting machine turntable, the crane, the mold swinger and the ingot table. The rolling bearing is at a high temperature; usually it is smooth with a composite aluminum-based smooth grease. The smoothness of the mold is selected to avoid the wear and adhesion of the mold. .
2. The hydraulic medium for continuous casting is usually water - glycol type or phosphate type medium.
3. Metallurgical equipment oil
1) Sintering equipment:
Reducer with machine: 150 industrial gear oil, disc feeder reducer: 150 industrial gear oil, sintering machine elastic slide: No. 1 composite aluminum base grease, sintering machine smoking machine bearing: HL32 hydraulic oil, sintering machine trolley Wheel bearing: composite aluminum base grease, material grab crane: 150 industrial gear oil for reducer, No. 2 universal lithium grease for wheel bearings.
2) Ironmaking equipment:
Blast furnace steam blower: HL32 hydraulic oil, electric mud gun machine: No. 320 industrial gear oil for gear transmission, mud silk and thrust bearing: No. 2 general lithium base grease, blast furnace loading hoist reducer: No. 220 industrial gear oil , feeding hoist wire rope: ZM type steel wire rope grease, furnace top fabric and large bell rod sealing equipment gathers smooth: filtered waste engine oil, weighing car: running axle axle oil, air compressor: 100 reciprocating Tightening oil, reducer: 150 industrial gear oil, gathering smooth system: No. 1 composite aluminum base grease, hydraulic system: L-HL32 hydraulic oil, hot air furnace: L-CKC100 industrial gear oil for various valve reducers; Semi-fluid lithium grease for gears.
3) Steelmaking equipment:
Open hearth reversing valve worm gear reducer: No. 460 industrial gear oil, open hearth blower rolling bearing: No. 2 general lithium base grease, metallurgical crane (iron can crane, ingot crane, off-type crane): 320, 460 industrial for each reducer Gear oil; No.1 composite aluminum base grease for smoothing system; ZM type steel wire rope grease for steel wire rope; semi-fluid lithium base grease for open gear; 320,460 industrial gear oil for worm gear reducer, mixed iron furnace: for reducer 320, 460 industrial gear oil; gathers smooth system with No. 1 composite aluminum base grease, material crane (magnetic crane, grab crane): 150 industrial gear oil for reducer; No. 2 general purpose lithium grease for wheel bearings; ZM type steel wire grease.
4) Rolling equipment:
Thin oil system on the rolling line: 460 industrial gear oil (medium and heavy load), gathered in dry oil smooth system: No. 1 composite aluminum base grease, main motor bearing thin oil smooth system: 32, 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil (oil film bearing oil), open gear: semi-fluid lithium grease.
Note: Industrial gear oil can use L-CKB, L-CKC type or L-CKC, L-CKD (medium and heavy load) industrial closed gear oil.
Second, the smooth characteristics of the rolling mill (1) rolling mill: its primary equipment includes rolling mill work machine base, universal joint shaft and its balance equipment, gear base, main coupling, reducer, motor coupling and motor And front and rear coilers, unwinders, etc.
(2) The demand for smoothing of the rolling mill: the dry oil is smooth; for example, the input ramp of the furnace in the hot strip mill, the pusher, the discharge machine, the stand, the stand, the mill ramp, the mill operation, the mill press Lower equipment, universal joint shaft and bracket, cutting head, looper, guide, output ramp, tumbling machine, coiler, remover, tumbling machine, shearing machine, disc cutter, edger, å‰The plate machine is used for oil smoothing and smooth oil circulation; for example, Baosteel 2030 five-stand cold rolling mill is an example; strip steel cooling and smoothing emulsion system and oil feeding system uncoiler, five machines, feeding hoe, tumbling Cutting, guiding, turning and coiling machines, gear oil, leveling machine and other equipment are smooth; oil film bearing system of each frame, high-speed high-precision rolling mill bearings; smooth oil mist and smooth oil and gas.
(3) Rolling mill process smooth cooling common medium: in the process of rolling; in order to reduce the conflict between rolling and rolling; reduce rolling force and power consumption; make the rolling material easy to extend; control rolling temperature; The quality of the rolled product; it is necessary to participate in the smooth cooling medium between the rolling and rolling contact surfaces.
The basic requirements for the smooth cooling medium of the rolling mill process are: proper oiliness, outstanding cooling ability, outstanding anti-oxidation stability, rust resistance and physical and chemical target stability, good filtration function, outstanding appearance on rolling mills and products. It scouring the hygienic effect, has good annealing function for cold-rolled strip steel, does not harm human health, and is easy to obtain oil source; low cost.
The rolling mill process has a wide variety of smooth cooling media; different media with different demand for rolled materials, here is a brief analysis: rolled aluminum strip; aluminum foil; with the addition of additives to the cooling smooth medium.
WISCO 1700 cold rolling mill, rolling emulsion 45-50 ° C in summer; 50-55 ° C in winter, the mass fraction of emulsion used is 1.2-4.5%; the highest mass fraction is 7%; commonly used is more than 30%. The concentration of the thin strip is higher; the concentration of the thick strip is lower. The emulsified oil used is tested for PH value, mass fraction, and iron soap target every 8 hours; once a week, all the assays are performed.
2) Smooth oil and grease for smooth rolling mills (1) Smooth oil and grease often used in rolling mills:
Medium and small power gear reducer: LAN68, L-AN100 full loss system oil or medium load industrial gear oil, small rolling mill: L-AN100, L-AN150 full loss system oil or medium load industrial gear oil, high load and strict Gears, worm gears, sprockets for severe conditions: medium and heavy duty industrial gear oils, rolling gears for transmission gears and reduction equipment; shearing machines, pushers: rolling mill oils; medium and heavy duty industrial gear oils, rolling mill oil film bearings: Oil film bearing oil, dry oil gathers smooth system; Rolling bearing: No. 1 and No. 2 lithium base grease or lithium complex grease, heavy machinery, rolling mill: No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 lithium base grease or lithium complex grease Dry oil gathers smooth system; rolling mill ramp: calendering grease (No. 1 for winter, No. 2 for summer) or extreme pressure lithium grease, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil, dry oil gathers smooth system Gearbox, coupling 1700 rolling mill: composite calcium lead grease, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil.
(2) Selection of the smooth method for the typical part of the rolling mill: the smoothing cycle of the rolling mill operation and the cooling system are smooth (including the segmented cooling smooth system), and the rolling mill operation 锟 and the bearing 锟 bearing are usually smooth with dry oil; High-speed oil film bearing and oil mist, oil and gas smooth, gear reducer for rolling mill gear, reducer, motor bearing, electric pressure equipment; smooth oil circulation, rolling mill ramp, coupling; universal joint The shaft and its balance structure, the plane guide conflict of the rolling mill window are selected to be smooth and smooth.
3) Brief introduction of common smoothing system for rolling mills (1) Thin oil and dry oil gather smooth system: Because the layout of various rolling mills is very different from the smooth demand; therefore, different smooth systems and methods are selected on the rolling mill. For example, some simple sliding bearings, rolling bearings, etc., parts can be selected from the oil cup, oil ring and other monomer slick smooth method. For the chaotic machine is more important conflict pair; then choose the thin oil or dry oil will Set smooth system. From the driving method; the collection of smooth system can be divided into three types of manual, semi-active and active operation; from the perspective of pipeline placement, it can be divided into throttling, single-line, two-wire, multi-line , progressive and other classes.
(2) Smooth process of rolling mill process: It is different according to working conditions and medium used; the smoothing system pressure of rolling mill process is usually about 0. 4-1. 8MPa; the flow rate per minute can be as large as several hundred to several thousand liters; medium filtration precision Less than 5μm. Common nozzles and segmental cooling equipment spray the medium onto the rolling mill and the rolled material; the pressure and temperature of the sprayed medium are severely demanded. Therefore, the temperature of the spray medium and the oil medium is controlled by pressure. Temperature control valve control.
(3) Smoothing system of oil film bearing of rolling mill: the smoothing system of oil film bearing of rolling mill has dynamic pressure system; static pressure system and dynamic and static pressure mixing system. The liquid conflict condition of dynamic pressure bearing has a certain rotational speed after rolling. When the rolling mill starts When braking or turning; the speed change can not guarantee the liquid conflict condition; the scale of the dynamic pressure bearing is limited. The static pressure bearing causes the journal to float in the bearing by the static pressure; the composition of the high pressure oil film has nothing to do with the rotation speed; , braking, turning or even stopping; can guarantee liquid conflict conditions; bearing capacity is large, rigidity is good; can satisfy any load and speed demand; but need special high-pressure system; high cost. Therefore; start, brake, turn At low speed, the static pressure system is used for high pressure oil. At high speed, the static pressure system is closed; the dynamic and static pressure mixing system for oil supply with dynamic pressure system is more ideal.
(4) Smoothing of oil mist and smooth oil and gas system of rolling mill: the oil mist is smooth and the oil is atomized by tightening air; it is sent to the smooth part through the pipeline and condensation nozzle. It is used for gears and worm gears, and is often used for large and high speed. The heavy-duty rolling bearing is smooth. It is smooth, has high cooling efficiency, and can save oil. Because the oil mist has a certain pressure (2-3KPa), it can prevent impurities and water from entering the conflicting pair; the bearing life is improved by 40%.
The oil mist smooth system includes water separator, solenoid valve, pressure regulating valve, oil mist generator, conveying pipeline, condensation nozzle, control instrument, etc. The oil mist generator is the central equipment.
Oil and gas smoothness is better than oil mist smoothing; it relies on tight air activity to send oil along the pipeline to a smooth point.
Oil and gas smooth system composition; the key is the oil and gas mixer and oil and gas distributor; domestically, some imported equipment has selected oil and gas smooth.
4) Commonly used smoothing equipment for rolling mills Heavy machinery (including rolling mills and auxiliary machinery) Commonly used smooth equipments are dry oil, thin oil, oil mist smooth equipment, domestic smooth mechanical equipment has been basically available in complete sets. Here is the analysis Smooth device equipment; its title and function are as follows:
Heavy machinery specification thin oil smoothing equipment (JB/ZQ4586-86)
This specification is applicable to thin oil smoothing equipment in metallurgical, heavy-duty, mining and other mechanical equipment thin oil circulation smooth system; industrial smooth oil with working medium viscosity grade N22 N460; tubular cooling equipment for circulating cooling equipment.
The nominal pressure of the thin oil smoothing equipment is 0. 63MPa, the filtration precision is 0. 08mm, the high viscosity is 0. 12mm, the cooling water temperature is less than or equal to 30 °C, the cooling water pressure is less than 0. 4MPa, the cooler When the oil inlet temperature is 50 ° C; the temperature drop of the smooth oil is greater than or equal to 8 ° C, the steam pressure is 0. 2-0. 4MPa.
The above-mentioned primary smooth component pressure scale is 10MPa, 20MPa, 40MPa; during this period, 20MPa and 40MPa are produced by foreign imported technology; produced by Taiyuan Smooth Equipment Factory and Shanghai Smooth Equipment Factory. Other products, except for the two; The factory and Xi'an sleek equipment factory produce. The thin oil system and components are all produced.
5) Equipment repairing of smoothing equipment commonly used in rolling mills (1) Equipment of equipment: Carefully review the piping drawings of smooth equipment, smooth equipment and mechanical equipment, and view the foundation drawings; recognize the connection and the equipment connection is correct; carry out the equipment. Equipment, components to view, the product is necessary to have a certificate; necessary equipment and components to be cleared; then pre-equipment (for more messy systems). After pre-equipment; clear the pipeline, view components and connectors; if lost, damaged Then, make up with qualified and sanitary parts.
Removal method: degreasing with carbon tetrachloride, or degreasing with sodium hydroxide; remove with warm water. Reuse hydrochloric acid (mass fraction) 10-15%; urotropine (mass fraction) 1%, impregnation or removal 20- 30min, solution temperature is 40-50 ° C; then with warm water to remove. Reuse 1% ammonia solution; immersion and removal 10-15min; solution temperature 30-40 ° C after neutralization; with steam or warm water to remove. Finally Dry with hygienic dry air; apply anti-rust oil; be used in official equipment.
(2) Equipment removal, pressure test, and commissioning: after the equipment is officially installed; it is better to clear the cycle once again; to ensure reliable.
Dry oil and thin oil system cycle time is 8-12 hours; thin oil pressure is 5-3MPa, hygienic degree is YBJ84. 8G, H (similar to NAS11, 12).
For the system after the removal; the pressure should be maintained for 10-15min with additional pressure. Step by step; investigate the disposal problem in time.
After the experiment; read the pressure relay, temperature conditioning, liquid level conditioning and electrical interlock according to the instructions to adjust; then you can put it into operation.
(3) Equipment repair: on-site operators; must try to know the equipment, equipment, component drawings, instructions and other materials; technically grasp the use and protection of related materials; in order to apply protection and repair.
Common incidents and disposals of thin oil stations and dry oil stations:
a. Thin oil pump bearing heat (slider pump): the reason is that the bearing gap is too small, the lack of smooth oil; view the gap; from the beginning of the study; the gap is adjusted to 0. 06-0. 08mm,
b. Sudden increase in pressure at the station: the pipeline is blocked; check the pipeline; remove the obstruction.
c. Thin oil pump heating (slider pump): the gap of the pump is not proper; adjust the gap of the pump, the viscosity of the oil is too large; reasonably select the oil, the pressure is not properly adjusted; exceed the actual demand pressure; reasonably adjust the various pressures in the system, the oil pump The leakage of each joint is formed; the volume is lost and the heat is generated; the joints are tightened; and the seal is checked; leakage is avoided.
e. Dry oil station reducer bearing heat: Rolling bearing clearance. Recovering å´½ ç°¦ ç°¦ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ 哟ゲ . 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽 湎å®æ蘩碇崽
f. Hydraulic reversing valve (ring type) oil return; pressure gauge does not measure: oil circuit is blocked; remove the valve to clear, view, make the oil road clear.
g. Pressure operated valve push rod measures when the pressure is very low: the check valve is not normal; check the spring and steel ball; and carry out the repair or replacement.
h. The pressure gauge of the dry oil station can't hold the pressure: the safety valve is broken; the oil supply piston is poorly cooperating; the reversing valve plunger cooperation is not strict; the oil pump plunger gap is too large; the safety valve is repaired; the bad oil feeder is replaced; Air inside the tube, replace the plunger; research the plunger clearance.
i. The joints and the welded oil leakage: the flange is not flat, the joint is not placed, the pipe is short, the weld and the breeze; the end face of the repair flange is removed; the bolt is placed tightly; And lock; remove the pipe and weld from the head.
Analysis of oil mist smooth system failure:
Oil mist pressure is reduced: the gas supply pressure is too low; check the gas source pressure; adjust the pressure reducing valve from the head, the water separator is too much water; the pipe is not dredged; the water is removed, the filter is removed or replaced, and the oil mist generator is blocked. ; remove the valve body; clear the purge, the oil mist pipe leaks; overhaul.
The oil mist pressure is increased: the air supply pressure is too high; the air pressure reducing valve is adjusted, the pipe has a U-bend; or the slope is too high. The chloranium collapses the U-bend; the pipe inclination is increased or the bleed valve is installed. The pipe is unsanitary; the condensate is blocked; check to clear.
The oil mist pressure is normal; but the atomization is bad; or the pure air is blown; the oil level is not lowered: the wrong oil is added; the viscosity is too high; the oil is changed, the oil temperature is too low; look at the temperature conditioner and the electric heater to make it work normally. The suction pipe filter is blocked; the cleaning or replacement, the injector is blocked; the nozzle is removed; the cleaning is checked, the oil level is too low; the oil level is adjusted to the normal oil level, the oil valve is too wide; the oil valve is closed or closed completely. The air needle valve is too open; the compressed air is directly delivered to the pipeline; the air needle valve is conditioned.
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