(Beijing Technology Development Co., Ltd. Technology Department)
Abstract: Microecological preparation is a new type of feed additive developed in recent years. Due to its non-toxic side effects and non-resistance, it is the most promising new green feed additive. However, due to the irregular production and use in China, the application effect is not obvious, and the farmers generally have a negative impact. This paper analyzes and summarizes the problems in the production and use of microecological preparations.
Key words: feed microecological preparation; evaluation; selection of
The feed microecological preparation is based on the animal microecology theory. According to the different physiological characteristics of the animal, the beneficial microorganisms are used, and the special processes such as cultivation, fermentation and drying are beneficial to humans and animals, and only contain live bacteria or contain A biological preparation or a live bacterial preparation of a bacterial cell and a metabolite thereof. At present, there are many micro-ecological preparation manufacturers in China, and the variety of products is different. How to choose a high-quality micro-ecological preparation is a difficult problem for the majority of feed manufacturers and farmers. This paper has carried out the common problems of micro-ecological preparations on the market. In summary, provide a reference for the correct selection of microecological preparations.
1. Repeated use of strains, serious degradation of
The strain is the core of a micro-ecological product, and only excellent strains can produce good products. The excellent characteristics of the strains are not limited to the number of production passages, and the long-term use of the strains leads to degradation and even variability, thereby losing the excellent characteristics of the strains. Most of the strains developed by aseptic seeds are purchased or developed in cooperation with the research institute teachers. They have been passed down in the production process, and there is no scientific selection procedure, which leads to unstable production strains and sometimes effective at the customer. Sometimes invalid, so that customers can't evaluate the effect of the product. Beijing Hao Dayang Technology Development Co., Ltd. has a special research and development center for strains. The strains used are all self-developed. The strains are derived from the intestinal bacteria of healthy young animals, and the enzyme-producing ability, antibacterial ability and acid resistance of the strains. The ability to resist bile salts was strictly screened. In order to ensure the safety of the strains, the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was entrusted with the identification of the strains and the certificate of strain identification was issued. The safety test of the Veterinary Drug Safety Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture was carried out, and then the safety test was carried out. Optimized combination of strains, and they can synergistically synergistically play a role. In order to ensure the excellent performance of the strains, the original strains were preserved at the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The strains were also preserved in various ways such as cryopreservation and sloping preservation, that is, the production strains were used for generations to prevent bacterial strains. , degradation, mutation, to ensure the stability of product quality.
2. The group is single, the target is not strong
A large number of micro-ecological products in China are relatively simple, which is a simple one or a simple mixture of two kinds of microorganisms. It can not simultaneously exert synergistic and complementary effects of various beneficial bacteria, and the product use effect is not obvious, and the effect on different animals is quite different.
One of the biggest shortcomings of these products is that they are not designed according to the characteristics of the flora of different animal intestines. The different combinations of different animals are not completely different, and the combination of the bacteria is completely different, so that the maximum advantage of the product cannot be fully utilized. There will be a phenomenon in which the effect of use is not obvious and unstable. The micro-ecological preparations of Beijing Minyang are compounded with multiple strains, supplemented by enzyme preparations, plant extracts, etc., according to different animal types, different growth stages, different intestinal flora status, formula optimization combination, give full play to The excellent effects of different beneficial bacteria, play a complementary role between them, and give full play to the product's maximum advantage. At the same time, sufficient prebiotics are added for the proliferation of beneficial bacteria to provide necessary nutrients for the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the product, and at the same time, it can stimulate the proliferation of beneficial bacteria of the body itself, so the microecological preparations of the ocean are not the single bacteria in the general sense. The simple combination, but the organic combination of probiotics and prebiotics, is a complete synbiotic product.
3. The standard is not uniform, the dosage and concentration of the strain are not enough.
Microecological preparations Currently, there are only Bacillus subtilis standards in the country, and there is no uniform standard for microecological preparations. All manufacturers are implementing their own enterprise standards, and the standards are confusing. It is precisely because of this reason that the number of viable bacteria in micro-ecological products is varied. The total number of bacteria, the total number of live bacteria, the number of effective bacteria, etc., the amount of which varies from several hundred to several tens of billions, resulting in no comparison between customers; the addition of micro-ecological additives has been a headache for feed and aquaculture companies. The manufacturer has seized the fact that in order to solve the cost problem, the amount of addition is reduced unilaterally (the live bacteria must reach a certain amount before it can exert its utility), resulting in the product not achieving the desired effect; another problem is micro The detection indicators of ecological preparations are confusing, and there are several concepts of total number of bacteria, viable bacteria and effective spores. We must strictly distinguish the total number of bacteria including a concept of live bacteria and dead bacteria. If a product contains a large number of dead bacteria, The inherent role of micro-ecological products will be greatly reduced. The number of viable bacteria refers to the vegetative body of bacteria. The live bacteria do not necessarily form spores. It is known that spores have only a series of excellent properties when they form spores. If no spores are formed, they are easy to process and store. Inactivated. Live spores are a state of existence of spores. Only the formation of spores and normal germination is a good spore product. The production and testing of micro-ecological preparations in Beijing Haoyang strictly implements national standards, and is stricter than national standards, using live spores as control indicators, and providing customers with a complete set of activities for detection and strain evaluation to help customers select high-quality products. The dosages and additions of the strains refer to the results of a large number of scientific research at home and abroad, and carry out rigorous animal experiments, summarizing the optimum addition amount of the microecological preparations in the feed, achieving an optimal cost performance and ensuring the user's use effect.
4. Poor stability of strains, decreased activity in feed processing, transportation and storage.
The use and storage conditions of feed microecological preparations are harsh and cannot be processed, transported and stored like human products. Some strains are very sensitive to external conditions, and many conditions such as feed processing, transportation, and storage are a big challenge. If these problems are not solved in the production process of the microecological preparation, the effect of the microecological preparation will not be obvious or even ineffective during use. The spore-forming bacteria in the micro-ecological preparations of Beijing Minyang uses a special induction process in the fermentation production. By adding the inducer and changing the culture conditions during the stable period of the growth of the cells, the spores are instantaneously synchronized to form spores, and then spray-dried. The cells which are not heat-resistant during the high temperature process are killed, and the spore rate of the finished product is over 99%, which fully exerts the excellent characteristics of heat resistance, acid resistance and antibiotic resistance of the spores to ensure the stability of the activity in the product. Lactic acid bacteria have poor resistance to stress, and adopt multi-layer coating process in the production process to improve the tolerance of lactic acid bacteria. The coating mainly utilizes multi-layer coatings such as polysaccharide, protein and oil, which can improve survival rate, acid resistance and resistance. Oxygen and high temperature resistance lay the foundation for the stability and effectiveness of microecological preparations, and the storage stability and granulation retention rate of the products are greatly improved.
5. Lack of reasonable fermentation and technical support.
Micro-ecological products must have a good fermentation technology basis, first of all to select good strains, followed by advanced fermentation production equipment and control conditions to ensure the quality of the fermentation products of the strains, in strict accordance with the production requirements of biological products. At present, the micro-ecological products on the market are not well-balanced, and have a great relationship with the production process. Many current micro-ecological products are produced in the original state of solid fermentation, and there is no ability to carry out liquid deep-fermentation technology, which leads to the product from the source. The instability of quality and the effect of use are not obvious. Beijing Haoyang has been committed to the research and development and production of bio-fermentation products. The production of micro-ecological products first uses liquid deep-fermentation of pure strains to precisely control the temperature, pH and aeration of fermentation, ensuring the purity of the strains without impurities. Contamination, high density and good repeatability between batches. After the fermentation, the spores are induced according to the characteristics of the strains to ensure the simultaneous generation of spores. The spores are uniform and uniform. The lactic acid bacteria are treated with multiple layers of coatings to provide the cells. An artificial protection that increases the stability and resistance of lactic acid bacteria. At the same time, according to the demand characteristics of different breeds of animals, the optimized combination design and raw material combination of micro-ecological preparation formulas are used to assist customers to adopt correct use methods, track customer's use effect, and equip technical service teams.
Microecological preparations are a kind of product. Although there are some problems at present, with the advancement of production technology and further research, it is believed that people can more objectively understand and use micro-ecological products, and play the role of micro-ecological preparations to make animals more Health, make the environment more harmonious, make greater use of animal production performance, reduce the harm of the environment to animals, reduce the amount of drugs, etc., make farming more worry-free, safer, food is greener, rest assured, to improve the living standards of our people And contribute to the level of health.
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