In the fall, many fruit farmers call the 12396 hotline to ask how to topdress the apple trees. Expert Lu Renqiang's researcher answers the following questions:
The roots of apple trees are mainly distributed in the 0-40 cm soil layer. There are two peaks in the root growth year, and the second growth peak in autumn. The characteristics of apple tree's absorption are: mainly nitrogen in the early stage and potassium in the middle and late stage, and the absorption of phosphorus is relatively stable throughout the year. Therefore, the following points should be noted in fertilization:
According to the yield and load, the fertilization ratio should be balanced. Apple's absorption ratio of NPK is 1:0.5:1. Generally, for every 100 kilograms of fruit produced, 0.8 kg of nitrogen, 0.4 kg of phosphorus, and 0.8 kg of potassium are required. Autumn is the late growth stage of fruit trees. It is mainly based on potassium fertilizer, which promotes fruit expansion and sugar accumulation and improves quality.
Grasp the timing of fertilization. In autumn, after the fruit is harvested, the root growth peak comes to the base fertilizer, preferably after the autumn shoot stops growing, and the Beijing area is from September to October. This will ensure that the fruit trees absorb fertility and prevent excessive growth of the autumn shoots.
Organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and extra-root fertilization combined application. Organic fertilizer is generally used as a base fertilizer, and cow dung and chicken manure are acceptable. In the total amount of fertilization, the amount of beef and sheep manure should be “jinjinjijinfeiâ€, chicken manure can be halved, and autumn fertilization according to this total, for the shortage of spring fertilization, supplement fertilizer amount and fertilizer type. Mainly according to the tree potential and the current year's production load, pay attention to supplement a certain amount of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other root fertilizer.
Pay attention to the location and depth of fertilization. In general, annular and semi-annular grooves are applied to young trees. The ditch, the hole application, the radiation ditch fertilization method and the whole garden application method are mostly used for adult trees. The depth of fertilization is generally about 40 cm. As the crown is enlarged, the range and depth of fertilization should be increased accordingly. It is appropriate to apply the main distribution layer of the root system.
Lu Renqiang: Expert in fruit cultivation, researcher at Linguo Institute of the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Engaged in fruit tree production and scientific research for 46 years, and have a deep understanding of the production and development of northern fruit trees. He has extensive production experience in the comprehensive technical management of apples, pears and peach trees.
The roots of apple trees are mainly distributed in the 0-40 cm soil layer. There are two peaks in the root growth year, and the second growth peak in autumn. The characteristics of apple tree's absorption are: mainly nitrogen in the early stage and potassium in the middle and late stage, and the absorption of phosphorus is relatively stable throughout the year. Therefore, the following points should be noted in fertilization:
According to the yield and load, the fertilization ratio should be balanced. Apple's absorption ratio of NPK is 1:0.5:1. Generally, for every 100 kilograms of fruit produced, 0.8 kg of nitrogen, 0.4 kg of phosphorus, and 0.8 kg of potassium are required. Autumn is the late growth stage of fruit trees. It is mainly based on potassium fertilizer, which promotes fruit expansion and sugar accumulation and improves quality.
Grasp the timing of fertilization. In autumn, after the fruit is harvested, the root growth peak comes to the base fertilizer, preferably after the autumn shoot stops growing, and the Beijing area is from September to October. This will ensure that the fruit trees absorb fertility and prevent excessive growth of the autumn shoots.
Organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and extra-root fertilization combined application. Organic fertilizer is generally used as a base fertilizer, and cow dung and chicken manure are acceptable. In the total amount of fertilization, the amount of beef and sheep manure should be “jinjinjijinfeiâ€, chicken manure can be halved, and autumn fertilization according to this total, for the shortage of spring fertilization, supplement fertilizer amount and fertilizer type. Mainly according to the tree potential and the current year's production load, pay attention to supplement a certain amount of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other root fertilizer.
Pay attention to the location and depth of fertilization. In general, annular and semi-annular grooves are applied to young trees. The ditch, the hole application, the radiation ditch fertilization method and the whole garden application method are mostly used for adult trees. The depth of fertilization is generally about 40 cm. As the crown is enlarged, the range and depth of fertilization should be increased accordingly. It is appropriate to apply the main distribution layer of the root system.
Lu Renqiang: Expert in fruit cultivation, researcher at Linguo Institute of the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Engaged in fruit tree production and scientific research for 46 years, and have a deep understanding of the production and development of northern fruit trees. He has extensive production experience in the comprehensive technical management of apples, pears and peach trees.
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