First, the use of bean dregs and microbial technology
Due to the nutritional characteristics of bean dregs, it is said to be a good feed for pigs, chickens, ducks, etc. At present, most of the bean dregs are simply used for feeding livestock, without **, or simply cooking and heating. There is a saying "the bean dregs feed the pig, the more the feed is shrinking", mainly because the bean dregs contain anti-trypsin, saponin, hemagglutinin and other anti-nutritional factors, including trypsin inhibitor, which can hinder the trypsin in pigs. Digestion and absorption of legume protein causes diarrhea, affects growth, poor palatability, difficulty in digestion, and low feed efficiency. This is not only a huge economic loss, but also a great waste of valuable resources. Therefore, how to make full use of the increasing production of soybean residue has become one of the concerns of researchers in various countries.
With the development of microbial engineering technology, microbes have become more and more widely used in farming, planting, and environment. Among them, in the development of feed resources, it has made important contributions to saving feed costs, alleviating resource constraints. Microbial fermentation of Yijiayi starter**, the production of microbial protein feed, the protein in the bean dregs can be effectively degraded, so that the content of amino acid nitrogen in the bean dregs can be greatly improved, and the bean dregs can remove odor, improve taste and refine the particles. Improvements in purification and nutrition, barrier factors, etc., which is a method for effectively utilizing bean dregs. The use of fermented bean dregs to raise pigs is more than one month ahead of normal feeding, saving feed costs and raising farmers. Economic benefits.
Second, the introduction of bean dregs
It refers to the scraps of bean products such as tofu and soy milk. Its nutrient content is higher than that of many slags. The crude protein content is about 28%, the crude fiber content is about 6%, and it is three times more than rice. It is feeding pigs, feeding chickens and feeding ducks. Wait for a good feed.
Soybean residue can not be directly fed, need to be cooked, and consume a lot of cost. Because the bean dregs contain three anti-nutritional factors: trypsin, chitosan, prothrombin, and three anti-nutritional factors, including trypsin inhibitor, which can inhibit the digestion and absorption of legume protein by trypsin in pigs. Causes diarrhea and affects growth. After fermenting with Yijiayi feed starter, not only does it not need to be cooked, but also has better feeding effects and advantages:
(1) It is convenient to save for a long time. The non-fermented soybean residue can be stored for up to 3 days. The fermented soybean residue can be stored for more than one month, but it is best to use it within one month. If it can be strictly sealed, if it is compacted, it can be stored for more than half a year or even a year. The key is that the seal should be done well, and it is not easy for the average person to completely seal.
(2) The bean dregs after fermentation are fed without piglets or pigs. The amount of piglets above 15 kg is gradually increased from 20%, and the feeding rate of large pigs above 60 kg is about 70%. Note that the simultaneous addition of trace elements and vitamins does not affect the growth rate of pigs.
Fermented soybean residue is especially suitable for pig fattening and lactating sows. It has good palatability and can be adapted in one or two days. Sows should not be used more in the late pregnancy, otherwise the sows will affect the number of litters.
Third, fermented soybean residue fermentation method and fermented cassava residue
The two are basically the same. The difference is that in order to prevent the viscosity of the soybean residue from being too large, a small amount of tanning or straw powder is added, which does not exceed 10% of the total amount of the bean dregs, so as to increase the gas permeability of the soybean dregs and achieve a better fermentation effect.
The specific operation method is: 300 kg wet bean dregs, 25 kg tanning or straw powder (the amount is based on the excess water in the adsorbed bean dregs. If the okara is relatively dry, you can not add this part of the raw materials), 30 kg of corn flour, 1 kg of salt, Yijiayi feed fermentation broth 1 kg. After mixing, the mixture is sealed and fermented after compaction. It can be fed for 2 to 10 days (depending on the temperature) with a slight wine scent or acid scent. When starting to use, it is recommended to throw away the thinst white layer on the top. Do not seal it tightly every time after taking the material to prevent spoilage.
When fermenting the ingredients, the more corn flour is added, the stronger the aroma of the wine, and the less corn flour added, the more the acidity and fragrance are prominent, and the flavor of the wine is not strong. It should be pointed out that the time to produce a more pronounced wine scent is only available during the fermenting period, and only a few small advances, after the fermenting period, the smell of wine is not smelled. If the fermenting period is at night, you may miss the opportunity to smell the wine. Generally, the fermenting period is about two days after fermentation.
When feeding, add an appropriate amount of multivitamins per 100 kg ** after the addition of 25 grams of sputum, can prevent vitamin deficiency and affect growth.
If the material to be fermented is to be stored for a long time, it should be sealed tightly and compacted and compacted. The air in the bag should be discharged as much as possible, so that it can be stored for a long time, and the degradation is carried out during the preservation process. After a longer period, the digestion and absorption rate is better and the nutrition is better. Other solid fermentation slag is also the principle. Of course, the precondition is to ensure that the seal is strict and does not leak a little air into the material. The longer the time, the better the quality and the better the nutrition (but in actual production, many users cannot Guaranteed strict sealing, so it is recommended to use up as soon as possible).
Fourth, the benefits of bean dregs fermentation
Because raw okara is not easy to preserve, it is easy to mold and deteriorate; raw pigs are easy to diarrhea, because it contains a variety of anti-nutritional factors, affecting the growth and health of pigs, so the following benefits after fermentation:
(1) It is convenient to save for a long time. The non-fermented soybean residue can be stored for up to 3 days. The fermented soybean residue can be stored for more than one month. If it can be tightly sealed, compacted or dried, it can be stored for more than half a year or even one year;
(2) The palatability of the feed reduces the crude fiber by more than one third. The animal prefers to eat, promotes appetite and increases the secretion of digestive juice.
(3) Enriched nutrients as shown in the table below. After drying, the digestion energy in dry matter increased by 13.17%, the metabolic energy increased by 16%, the digestible protein increased by 29.59%, and the crude fiber decreased by about 30%. It is also a carrier of probiotics, contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms, and acidifiers such as lactic acid, vitamins are also greatly increased, especially B vitamins tend to increase several times.
(4) greatly degrading anti-nutritional factors and improving disease resistance. After fermentation, it can significantly increase its digestion and absorption rate and degradation of anti-nutritional factors, and contains a large number of beneficial factors to improve disease resistance.
(5) Saving feed costs and improving economic benefits After fermentation, a large part of the feed can be replaced, the feed cost is saved, and the pigs are less sick, the pigs are advanced, and the overall economic benefits are improved.
Five, the operation method of fermented bean dregs
Ingredients: 1000 kg of wet bean dregs, 50 kg of wheat bran (corn flour or tanning, etc.), 2 kg of brown sugar. 2 bottles of Yijiayi feed starter.
Operation steps: 1 First, half a catty of feed fermentation broth is diluted with 20 kg of water. Then mix well with 50 kg of wheat bran and the humidity is about 50% (the standard is judged by hand, grab it with a hand, hold it firmly, hold it hard, feel the wet between the fingers, but there is no water drop).
2 Use about 100 kg of water to melt brown sugar (the specific amount of water depends on the dry moisture of the bean dregs).
3 Then sprinkle the mixed wheat bran evenly in 1000 kg of bean dregs, sprinkle it once and spray the brown sugar water that has been melted once (if necessary, stir with a blender, and mix well by hand).
4 Stir well and put in a sealed container (woven bag, jar, bucket, fermentation tank, etc.) compacted and sealed for 3 to 5 days.
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