The preparation of the base, coating and cutting edge of the cutting tool plays a key role in efficient machining, often related to the success or failure of the metal cutting process. These factors, combined with the embedded chip breaker and tip, determine the suitability of the cutting tool for a particular workpiece or specific application.
The combination of these parameters can ensure long tool processing life and good economy. When designing inserts to meet ever-increasing machining applications, the newly developed base material for the new challenges of workpieces contains tungsten, a substrate, coating and preparation for the research and development of cutting tool manufacturers. .
The hardness and toughness of tungsten carbide carbide tools can handle a wide range of cutting parameters. Cutting tool manufacturers can manufacture base materials by varying the size of tungsten particles in the range of 1 to 5 microns.
With finer particles (submicron), the tool is more wear resistant. Conversely, larger sized particles give higher tool toughness. The fine-grained base material is mainly used for cutting aerospace and aerospace industrial materials such as titanium, ferronickel alloys (Inconel) and high-temperature alloy blades.
In addition to changing the particle size of these tools, tool manufacturers can arbitrarily change the cobalt content of the base material. Cobalt is used as a binder - a binder that holds the tungsten carbide particles together. Increasing the cobalt content from the usual 6% to 12% increases the toughness and allows the tool manufacturer to adjust the composition of the tool to meet the requirements of any application, whether it requires toughness or wear resistance.
Tool manufacturers can also add a layer of concentrated cobalt to the surface of the tool, or by selectively other types of alloying elements such as titanium carbide (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC), vanadium carbide (VC) and carbonization. Niobium (NbC) is added to the composition of tungsten carbide to improve the properties of the substrate material. The concentrated cobalt layer greatly increases the strength of the blade and improves the performance of rough and interrupted cutting. When selecting the substrate material to match the workpiece material and processing requirements, it should be noted that five other properties of the substrate material—fracture toughness, transverse rupture strength, compressive strength, hardness, and thermal shock resistance—are also important.
Cutting tool manufacturer Iscar Metals Inc. claims that the development of coatings in recent years, due to the high cost of chemical vapor deposition coating tools, has led to an increase in the demand for physical vapor deposition coating tools. The thickness of the chemical vapor deposited coating ranges from 5 to 15 microns, while the thickness of the physical vapor deposited coating ranges from 2 to 6 microns. Chemical vapor deposition produces tensile stress when applied to the top of the substrate material, while physical vapor deposition coating adds compressive stress to the substrate. According to Iscar, the difference between tensile stress and compressive stress affects the performance of the blade during continuous and interrupted cutting. In the coating process, the development of new alloying elements also helps to bond the coating and improve the performance of the coating.
The combination of these parameters can ensure long tool processing life and good economy. When designing inserts to meet ever-increasing machining applications, the newly developed base material for the new challenges of workpieces contains tungsten, a substrate, coating and preparation for the research and development of cutting tool manufacturers. .
The hardness and toughness of tungsten carbide carbide tools can handle a wide range of cutting parameters. Cutting tool manufacturers can manufacture base materials by varying the size of tungsten particles in the range of 1 to 5 microns.
With finer particles (submicron), the tool is more wear resistant. Conversely, larger sized particles give higher tool toughness. The fine-grained base material is mainly used for cutting aerospace and aerospace industrial materials such as titanium, ferronickel alloys (Inconel) and high-temperature alloy blades.
In addition to changing the particle size of these tools, tool manufacturers can arbitrarily change the cobalt content of the base material. Cobalt is used as a binder - a binder that holds the tungsten carbide particles together. Increasing the cobalt content from the usual 6% to 12% increases the toughness and allows the tool manufacturer to adjust the composition of the tool to meet the requirements of any application, whether it requires toughness or wear resistance.
Tool manufacturers can also add a layer of concentrated cobalt to the surface of the tool, or by selectively other types of alloying elements such as titanium carbide (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC), vanadium carbide (VC) and carbonization. Niobium (NbC) is added to the composition of tungsten carbide to improve the properties of the substrate material. The concentrated cobalt layer greatly increases the strength of the blade and improves the performance of rough and interrupted cutting. When selecting the substrate material to match the workpiece material and processing requirements, it should be noted that five other properties of the substrate material—fracture toughness, transverse rupture strength, compressive strength, hardness, and thermal shock resistance—are also important.
Cutting tool manufacturer Iscar Metals Inc. claims that the development of coatings in recent years, due to the high cost of chemical vapor deposition coating tools, has led to an increase in the demand for physical vapor deposition coating tools. The thickness of the chemical vapor deposited coating ranges from 5 to 15 microns, while the thickness of the physical vapor deposited coating ranges from 2 to 6 microns. Chemical vapor deposition produces tensile stress when applied to the top of the substrate material, while physical vapor deposition coating adds compressive stress to the substrate. According to Iscar, the difference between tensile stress and compressive stress affects the performance of the blade during continuous and interrupted cutting. In the coating process, the development of new alloying elements also helps to bond the coating and improve the performance of the coating.
Diaphragm Seals are designed to protect and isolate pressure gauges and expensive instrumentation from corrosive, high temperature, or viscous, process media.
Transfers process pressure accurately without direct contact with process fluids
Removes the need for expensive instrumentation
Optional Diaphragm Materials
Available with ¼" & ½" Bottom Connection Sizes
Thermoplastic Units Rated to 240 PSIG (16 BARG) @ 21°C (70°F)
316 S/S Units Rated to 5800 PSIG (400 BARG) @ 21°C (70°F)
Diaphragm Seal, PP Diaphragm Seal, PVC Diaphragm Seal, PVDF Diaphragm Seal, Stainless Steel Diaphragm Seal
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