Due to the financial crisis, the international automotive industry and many suppliers have drastically reduced their budgets. This has aggravated the hesitation of many companies in making new investments, making the already chilly economic environment even worse. In view of this, the German machine tool manufacturer association VDW expects the decline rate of German machine tool production in 2009 will be around 15%. Although the high order in 2008 guarantees a certain amount of machine consumption in 2009, it is only likely to be equivalent to the 2006/2007 output.
It is not only German manufacturers that are facing difficulties. Orders from all other competing countries have fallen sharply, forcing these suppliers to lower their 2009 output targets accordingly.
In particular, until the end of 2008, the export performance of German machine tools was still quite good. Even in November, its shipments could even increase by 6% year-on-year. The East Asia and South Asia markets have made outstanding contributions to this, and the increase in the Chinese market is particularly prominent, growing by 1/6 compared to the same period in 2007.
For German suppliers, sales in the Chinese market in 20007 were significantly higher than in other regions, and their sales increased by as much as 17%. VDW expects that although the economic environment is also turbulent to China, sales in this market will continue to lead in the future.
Although the impact of the financial crisis is inevitable, the German machine tool industry has not seen a sharp contraction, which is mainly due to the overall maturity of its industry, which should be inspiring to China's machine tool industry.
First, the German manufacturer community has an excellent architecture. In the boom period of the machine tool industry, they gradually built excellent business models and corporate culture. This has prompted them to focus on R&D and continue to deliver innovative products, solutions and services to the market. At the same time, they also optimize and upgrade existing assets, improve manufacturing processes and processes to ensure more efficient digestion of orders. The level of employees has also been moderately improved, and the company's overall cost structure has become increasingly perfect. It is these excellent traditions that make them more comfortable in difficult times.
Another good thing to note is that most German suppliers are currently focusing on providing specific manufacturing solutions. In areas where there are few alternatives or alternatives, they have firmly established their roots. Therefore, it is basically not affected by fluctuations in market demand in the short term.
In the future, industries such as energy manufacturing will continue to be optimistic, while some traditional areas will coexist with challenges and opportunities. For example, the automotive industry is increasingly demanding flexibility, and due to climate and raw material reserves, new energy-efficient, compact engines will need to be developed. All these investments will inevitably require new production equipment, and German machine tool operators will not miss these opportunities.
With the continuous development of drilling production, the use conditions of drilling rigs have become more and more diversified, and various types of drilling rigs have appeared accordingly. Factors affecting the type and composition of drilling rigs include drilling method, drilling depth, borehole size and drilling tool size, and drilling area conditions (such as electricity or fuel, transportation, and meteorological conditions).
1. According to drilling method
(1) Impact drilling rigs, such as wire rope impact drilling rigs (drilling rigs), vibration drilling rigs, etc.
(2) Rotary drilling rigs, such as those used in rotary drilling.
(3) Downhole power drilling tools, such as rotary drilling tools, turbo drilling tools, screw drilling tools, electric drilling tools, etc.
2. Divided by drilling depth
(1) Ultra-deep well drilling rig. It adopts a drilling rig with a diameter of 114 mm drill pipe, a nominal drilling depth range of more than 7000 meters, and a maximum hook load of more than 4,500 kN.
(2) Deep well drilling rig. The drill rod is 114 mm in diameter, the nominal drilling depth is 4000-7000 meters or more, and the maximum hook load is 2250-4500 kN or more.
(3) Drilling rigs for medium and deep wells. It adopts a drilling rig with a diameter of 114 mm drill pipe, a nominal drilling depth range of 1500-4000 meters or more, and a maximum hook load of 900-2250 kN or more.
Three, according to power equipment
(1) Diesel Engine-driven drilling rigs, which use diesel engines as power through mechanical transmission or hydraulic transmission.
(2) AC driven drilling rig, suitable for use in oil fields with industrial power grids.
(3) The drilling rig is driven by direct current, and the working unit is driven by a direct current motor.
Fourth, according to the driving mode
(1) Drive alone. Each working machine is driven by generators of different sizes, which are mostly used for electric drive. The transmission is simple and easy to install, but the power utilization rate is low and the total equipment mass is large.
(2) Unified drive. The three working units of drawworks, drilling Pump and turntable are driven by the same power unit. Most drilling rigs use this scheme. The unified drive can also include only one drilling pump, and the other drilling pump is driven separately. The unified drive drilling rig has high power utilization and can be adjusted mutually when the engine fails, but the transmission is complicated, installation and adjustment are troublesome, and the transmission efficiency is low.
(3) Group drive. The combination of power is between individual drive and unified drive. There are two options for three working machines. The power utilization rate of this kind of drilling rig is higher than that of a single drive, and the transmission ratio is simple to drive in a unified manner. Two sets of working machines can also be installed on different heights and scattered sites.
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