In fact, the development of Yunnan's stone industry faced a choice in the 1990s. One is to make the local stone industry bigger and stronger, and the other is to let the stone market in Yunnan, let the foreign provinces and even foreign stone enter Yunnan in a big way, earning Yunnan people's money.
Yunnan is a large province of stone resources. It is the hometown of marble in China and the world. Stone resources are spread all over the province. The development and utilization of stone has a long history. Since the establishment of the marble factory in the 1950s, Yunnan's local stone industry has grown from scratch, from small to large, from glory to decline, from a stone resource province to a stone import province. What is the resource reserve of Yunnan stone? How is the development of the Yunnan stone industry extended? Compared with the stone industry outside the province and even abroad, how big is the gap in Yunnan's stone industry? Can the Yunnan stone industry regain its glory? Our reporter conducted a detailed investigation.
It is reported that the application of marble has a history of thousands of years. The craftsmanship of marble was produced as early as the Yuan Dynasty. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Yunnan marble was used in bureaucratic, rich buildings and furniture throughout China. Among them, the patterns of ink and landscape paintings in marble have always been regarded as treasures by scholars and literati. Many foreigners have come to Dali, Yunnan, to find marble paintings with artistic value and sell them all over the world.
In the 1950s, Dali established the earliest marble factory in Yunnan. Most of the products produced were used for national key projects, such as the Great Hall of the People and the Monument to the People's Heroes. At that time, dozens of stone processing enterprises were built and expanded throughout the country, which promoted the development of the stone industry. In 1973, the first stone industry conference in the country proposed the policy of actively developing the stone industry and expanding the export of stone products. By 1977, the number of stone enterprises in the country had increased to dozens, the marble output reached 250,000 square meters, and the granite output reached 15,000 square meters.
In 1983, the China National Stone Industry Association was approved by the State Building Materials Bureau. In 1984, the Wuhan Stone Industry Research Institute and the Suzhou Non-Metal Mining Research Institute were established. The central ministries and commissions also provided certain funds to support the construction of the stone industry, thus forming a national "Stone heat." By 1987, the number of stone enterprises nationwide has soared to more than 3,000, and many stone townships and stone counties have emerged throughout the country.
In Yunnan in the 1980s, more than 10 state-owned stone enterprises were established. Stone enterprises such as Kunming Marble Factory, Gongkun Marble Factory, Pingbian Marble Factory, Yuanyang Marble Factory, Gongshan Marble Factory and Honghe Marble Factory were established. One piece of stone products has been continuously produced, making outstanding contributions to the building materials industry in Yunnan.
In the early 1990s, with the rapid rise of China's private stone enterprises, a large number of individual stone enterprises in Guangdong, Fujian, Sichuan, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and so on poured into Kunming. Due to the many disadvantages of Yunnan state-owned stone enterprises in terms of system, management, personnel, labor and capital, the company has a single variety, low efficiency and backward marketing methods. Therefore, in less than two years, Yunnan stone enterprises have almost disappeared.
"In fact, the development of Yunnan's stone industry faced a choice in the 1990s. One is to make the local stone industry bigger and stronger, and the other is to let the stone market in Yunnan, let the foreign provinces and even foreign stone enter Yunnan in a big way. Take the money of Yunnan people." Liu Baihua, chairman of Yunnan Lishi Stone Co., Ltd. told reporters, "Two choices, two results."
According to a survey by the reporter, Yunnan stone enterprises at that time did not have the opportunity to make a choice. With the continuous emergence of township enterprises, collective enterprises and individual enterprises, in 1990 the country's various types of plates reached 43 million square meters, an increase of more than 10 times than in 1983, and granite increased from 50,000 square meters in 1983 to 1992. The 22 million square meters, an increase of more than 400 times, the mining volume reached more than 2 million cubic meters in 1992, the variety of products increased, the quality has also increased significantly. The local government also regards foreign stone enterprises as VIPs for attracting investment, ignoring the growth and development of local stone enterprises in Yunnan, thus making stone enterprises lose many opportunities.
In 1997, Yunnan's stone market began to “upgrade and upgradeâ€. Many foreign stone enterprises introduced a large number of foreign stone materials, which set off a huge whirlwind of imported stone. The imported stone from Italy, Spain, Greece, Turkey and other countries has bright colors and quality. Super group immediately got the favor of banks and hotels. After several years of rapid development, the stone industry in Yunnan Province entered the adjustment period after 2000. The national stone industry was in a downturn at the same time. Many manufacturers closed down, and large manufacturers with strength began to explore new ways. At that time, Lishi Stone, the largest stone enterprise in Yunnan, first discovered yellow sandstone in Yunnan Luquan and Wuding, and exported the products to dozens of countries using the global sales network. After marble and granite, sandstone is listed as the third largest stone exporter in China by the country. Lishi Stone became the first manufacturer in the country to establish sandstone mining, production, drying, waterproofing, transportation and installation system engineering, and established the standard for sandstone production.
After 10 years of market baptism, Yunnan stone industry has become a local enterprise and has taken on the responsibility of making the local stone industry bigger and stronger.
According to the information provided by the Yunnan Stone Chamber of Commerce, by 2005, there were more than 400 stone processing enterprises in Yunnan, most of which were distributed in Kunming, Shilin, Wuding, Baoshan, Tengchong, Pingbian, Maitreya and other counties and cities, of which less than 25 % is a private enterprise in Yunnan, most of which can only produce plates, only a small part can produce profiles, and some produce tombstones, roadside stones, paving stones, stone carvings and other extensive stone products. There are less than 100 enterprises that are really engaged in stone development. The annual industrial output value is less than 500 million yuan, which is extremely disproportionate compared with the amount of stone used in Yunnan Province of 3 billion to 4 billion yuan per year.
Industry insiders told reporters that Yunnan stone industry has developed for more than 50 years. Before September 2005, there was no relevant industry association, no relevant policies and regulations, no basic data on this industry, and no inclusion in the Yunnan National Economic Development Plan. The entire industry is in disorderly development and vicious competition. And a large part of the existing stone enterprises in Yunnan are township enterprises that are developed mainly by farmers. They lack funds, lack of planning, lack of government support, and a group of mud legs support the half of the Yunnan stone industry.
Liu Baihua said: "The government should give guidance to stone enterprises and introduce a series of policies to support the development of the stone industry. Let Yunnan's colorful stone products go out of Yunnan, go out of China, earn money from other provinces, and earn foreigners' money. â€
Yunnan is a large province of stone resources. It is the hometown of marble in China and the world. Stone resources are spread all over the province. The development and utilization of stone has a long history. Since the establishment of the marble factory in the 1950s, Yunnan's local stone industry has grown from scratch, from small to large, from glory to decline, from a stone resource province to a stone import province. What is the resource reserve of Yunnan stone? How is the development of the Yunnan stone industry extended? Compared with the stone industry outside the province and even abroad, how big is the gap in Yunnan's stone industry? Can the Yunnan stone industry regain its glory? Our reporter conducted a detailed investigation.
It is reported that the application of marble has a history of thousands of years. The craftsmanship of marble was produced as early as the Yuan Dynasty. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Yunnan marble was used in bureaucratic, rich buildings and furniture throughout China. Among them, the patterns of ink and landscape paintings in marble have always been regarded as treasures by scholars and literati. Many foreigners have come to Dali, Yunnan, to find marble paintings with artistic value and sell them all over the world.
In the 1950s, Dali established the earliest marble factory in Yunnan. Most of the products produced were used for national key projects, such as the Great Hall of the People and the Monument to the People's Heroes. At that time, dozens of stone processing enterprises were built and expanded throughout the country, which promoted the development of the stone industry. In 1973, the first stone industry conference in the country proposed the policy of actively developing the stone industry and expanding the export of stone products. By 1977, the number of stone enterprises in the country had increased to dozens, the marble output reached 250,000 square meters, and the granite output reached 15,000 square meters.
In 1983, the China National Stone Industry Association was approved by the State Building Materials Bureau. In 1984, the Wuhan Stone Industry Research Institute and the Suzhou Non-Metal Mining Research Institute were established. The central ministries and commissions also provided certain funds to support the construction of the stone industry, thus forming a national "Stone heat." By 1987, the number of stone enterprises nationwide has soared to more than 3,000, and many stone townships and stone counties have emerged throughout the country.
In Yunnan in the 1980s, more than 10 state-owned stone enterprises were established. Stone enterprises such as Kunming Marble Factory, Gongkun Marble Factory, Pingbian Marble Factory, Yuanyang Marble Factory, Gongshan Marble Factory and Honghe Marble Factory were established. One piece of stone products has been continuously produced, making outstanding contributions to the building materials industry in Yunnan.
In the early 1990s, with the rapid rise of China's private stone enterprises, a large number of individual stone enterprises in Guangdong, Fujian, Sichuan, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and so on poured into Kunming. Due to the many disadvantages of Yunnan state-owned stone enterprises in terms of system, management, personnel, labor and capital, the company has a single variety, low efficiency and backward marketing methods. Therefore, in less than two years, Yunnan stone enterprises have almost disappeared.
"In fact, the development of Yunnan's stone industry faced a choice in the 1990s. One is to make the local stone industry bigger and stronger, and the other is to let the stone market in Yunnan, let the foreign provinces and even foreign stone enter Yunnan in a big way. Take the money of Yunnan people." Liu Baihua, chairman of Yunnan Lishi Stone Co., Ltd. told reporters, "Two choices, two results."
According to a survey by the reporter, Yunnan stone enterprises at that time did not have the opportunity to make a choice. With the continuous emergence of township enterprises, collective enterprises and individual enterprises, in 1990 the country's various types of plates reached 43 million square meters, an increase of more than 10 times than in 1983, and granite increased from 50,000 square meters in 1983 to 1992. The 22 million square meters, an increase of more than 400 times, the mining volume reached more than 2 million cubic meters in 1992, the variety of products increased, the quality has also increased significantly. The local government also regards foreign stone enterprises as VIPs for attracting investment, ignoring the growth and development of local stone enterprises in Yunnan, thus making stone enterprises lose many opportunities.
In 1997, Yunnan's stone market began to “upgrade and upgradeâ€. Many foreign stone enterprises introduced a large number of foreign stone materials, which set off a huge whirlwind of imported stone. The imported stone from Italy, Spain, Greece, Turkey and other countries has bright colors and quality. Super group immediately got the favor of banks and hotels. After several years of rapid development, the stone industry in Yunnan Province entered the adjustment period after 2000. The national stone industry was in a downturn at the same time. Many manufacturers closed down, and large manufacturers with strength began to explore new ways. At that time, Lishi Stone, the largest stone enterprise in Yunnan, first discovered yellow sandstone in Yunnan Luquan and Wuding, and exported the products to dozens of countries using the global sales network. After marble and granite, sandstone is listed as the third largest stone exporter in China by the country. Lishi Stone became the first manufacturer in the country to establish sandstone mining, production, drying, waterproofing, transportation and installation system engineering, and established the standard for sandstone production.
After 10 years of market baptism, Yunnan stone industry has become a local enterprise and has taken on the responsibility of making the local stone industry bigger and stronger.
According to the information provided by the Yunnan Stone Chamber of Commerce, by 2005, there were more than 400 stone processing enterprises in Yunnan, most of which were distributed in Kunming, Shilin, Wuding, Baoshan, Tengchong, Pingbian, Maitreya and other counties and cities, of which less than 25 % is a private enterprise in Yunnan, most of which can only produce plates, only a small part can produce profiles, and some produce tombstones, roadside stones, paving stones, stone carvings and other extensive stone products. There are less than 100 enterprises that are really engaged in stone development. The annual industrial output value is less than 500 million yuan, which is extremely disproportionate compared with the amount of stone used in Yunnan Province of 3 billion to 4 billion yuan per year.
Industry insiders told reporters that Yunnan stone industry has developed for more than 50 years. Before September 2005, there was no relevant industry association, no relevant policies and regulations, no basic data on this industry, and no inclusion in the Yunnan National Economic Development Plan. The entire industry is in disorderly development and vicious competition. And a large part of the existing stone enterprises in Yunnan are township enterprises that are developed mainly by farmers. They lack funds, lack of planning, lack of government support, and a group of mud legs support the half of the Yunnan stone industry.
Liu Baihua said: "The government should give guidance to stone enterprises and introduce a series of policies to support the development of the stone industry. Let Yunnan's colorful stone products go out of Yunnan, go out of China, earn money from other provinces, and earn foreigners' money. â€
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